Ethik im User Centered Design

Früher war das Vorgehen nach User Centered Design in den meisten Fällen getrieben durch einen ethischen Anspruch, die Welt etwas menschlicher zu machen – «Screen für Screen» quasi. Heute hat sich die Situation aber leider verändert. Immer mehr Unternehmen setzen User Centered Design Methoden auch ein, um die Menschen, welche ihre Produkte oder Dienste nutzen, zu manipulieren (Stichworte «Dark Patterns», «Habit Forming» etc.). Diese Manipulationen passieren manchmal bewusst (was in einigen Beispielen schmerzhaft offensichtlich ist), aber in vielen Situationen dürfte diese auch unbewusst passieren (durch ein nicht Hinterfragen etc.). Durch die zentrale Stellung von Technologie in unserem Alltag gibt es aber inzwischen immer mehr Bereiche, die ein entsprechendes Hinterfragen und genaues Hinschauen verlangen. Deshalb wird es immer wichtiger, dass wir Ethik zu einem integralen und expliziten Bestandteil von User Centered Design machen. 

Seminar zu Ethik und User Centered Design

In meinem Seminar «Ethik in der Mensch-Maschine Interaktion» (Februar 2024) an der Universität Basel haben die Studierenden eine Reihe, der unten aufgelisteten «Tools» analysiert, eingeteilt und beschrieben. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit haben sie auf dieser Website dokumentiert: Website EthiX

Ressourcen und Tools rund um das Thema

Center for Humane Technology

https://humanetech.com

The Center for Humane Technology (CHT) is an independent nonprofit organization whose aim is to drive a comprehensive shift toward humane technology by changing the way technologists think about their work and how they build products.

Ressourcen: Podcast, Design Guide, Ledger of Harms, App Ratings etc.

Humane by Design (Jon Yablonski)

https://humanebydesign.com

A resource that provides guidance for designing ethically humane digital products through patterns focused on user well-being.

Ressourcen: Principles & Resources

Inclusive Design – Microsoft

https://www.microsoft.com/design/inclusive/

Inclusive Design is a methodology, born out of digital environments, that enables and draws on the full range of human diversity. Most importantly, this means including and learning from people with a range of perspectives.

Ressourcen: Toolkits, Booklets, Movies

calm tech (Mark Weiser, Rich Gold, John Seeley Brown)

https://calmtech.com

How many are notifications are necessary? How and when should they be displayed? To answer this, we can be inspired by the principles of calm technology.

Ressourcen: Principles of Calm Technology, Infos zum O’Reilly Buch «Designing Calm Technology» (Amber Case, 2016), Exercises, Papers

ethical.net

https://ethical.net

Not-for-profit project building a collaborative, online directory of ethical companies of all kinds. 

Ressourcen: Magazine, Resources, Newsletter etc.

Ethics for Designers (Jet Gispen)

https://www.ethicsfordesigners.com

Template-based toolkit to incorporate ethics into the design process.

Ressourcen: Verschiedene Templates mit Methodenbeschreibung

Misusability (Per Axbom)

https://axbom.blog/misusability/

Navigating the ethical minefield of digital design

Ressourcen: Examples of misusability, Templates and exercises supporting ethical design, Infos zum Buch «Digital Compassion» (Kindle)

The Tarot Cards of Tech (Artefact)

http://tarotcardsoftech.artefactgroup.com

The Tarot Cards of Tech are a set of provocations designed to help creators more fully consider the impact of technology. For a new approach: Slow down and ask the right questions.

Ressourcen: Karten Generator mit Fragen zu verschiedenen Themen, Infos zu den Karten (hier Download möglich)

Anleitung zu Digital Ethics (Manuel Marquina)

https://voltandgestalt.com/aboutmanuel/

Anleitung: Technologie ≠ Neutral, Was ist meine Verantwortung?, Was ist Ethik?, Was kann ich konkret tun? Ethiks Toolkit: Jedes Set beinhaltet Fragen, um unbeabsichtigte Folgen vorherzusehen. Nehmt diese auch zum nächsten Brainstorming oder Meeting mit, um die Auswirkungen eurer Produkte besser zu verstehen.

Ressourcen: Anleitung zu Digital Ethics inkl. Ethics Toolkit

climateaction.tech (set of tech sector workers & employees)

https://climateaction.tech

A global community of tech professionals using our skills, expertise and platforms to support solutions to the climate crisis.

Ressourcen: Climate Action Resources for Tech Professionals

Designing Mindfulness (Mindfulness Everywhere)

https://www.designingmindfulness.com

Designing Mindfulness is a manifesto from Mindfulness Everywhere. It is a result of us asking the question - how can we build the ideas and practices of mindfulness into technology so that the attention and wellbeing of the people who use it is best supported?

Ressourcen: Principles, Framework, Examples

Deceptive Design (ex. Dark Patterns, Harry Brignull)

https://www.deceptive.design

Deceptive design patterns (also known as "dark patterns") are tricks used in websites and apps that make you do things that you didn't mean to, like buying or signing up for something. The purpose of this site is to spread awareness and to shame companies that use these patterns.

Ressourcen: Types of Dark Pattern, Reading List

Society Centered Design (IF, technology studio)

https://societycentered.design

We want to move beyond human-centered design to society-centered design. We must design for the collective. We must design for society. To do this, we must be intentional about citizen empowerment, civic commons, public health, equity, and the planet.

Ressourcen: Principles

Designing Ethically

https://www.designethically.com

This framework lays down the theoretical and philosophical foundation and also provides a toolkit for you to implement the ideas presented here. It's form a team of designers, product managers, consultants, and engineers from various tech companies.

Ressourcen: Framework, Toolkit

The Ethical Design Handbook (Falbe, Frederiksen & Andersen)

https://ethicaldesignhandbook.com 

A practical handbook on ethical design for digital products. With practical techniques to make honest interfaces work for digital products. Help your business grow sustainably — without dark patterns — and comply with GDPR and CCPA.

Ressourcen: Buch, Ethical Design Scorecards (Excel)

Wirkung Lernen (PHINEO gemeinnützige AG)

https://www.wirkung-lernen.de

Tagtäglich engagieren sich Menschen, um die Gesellschaft besser zu machen. All diese Menschen möchten mit ihrer Arbeit möglichst viel bewirken. Aber was genau ist eigentlich Wirkung? Wie lässt sie sich messen? Oder gar planen? All das zeigen wir Ihnen auf dieser Website. Schritt für Schritt. 

Ressourcen: Checklisten, Vorlagen, «Kursbuch Wirkung» als PDF, Tests, Erklärfilme

The Digital Ethics Compass

https://ddc.dk/tools/toolkit-the-digital-ethics-compass

We’ve developed The Digital Ethics Compass with a range of Danish companies within Fin-, Health- and Mobility-tech and within digital design. The compass is a simple and practical tool and learning program that enables companies to build an ethical foundation for their future financial growth.

Ressourcen: Framework, Toolkit

Ethical Design Guide (Sarah Fossheim)

https://ethicaldesign.guide

Tech is always political. The way data is collected and handled is often biased, and many products are neither accessible nor inclusive. Ethical Design Guide is made to share resources on how to create ethical products that don't cause harm. More links will be added continuously, and shared through a monthly newsletter.

Ressourcen: Liste mit Ressourcen, Newsletter

Dark Patterns Tip Line

darkpatternstipline.org

The Dark Patterns Tip Line is led by a team of designers, academic researchers, legal experts, policy specialists, and advocacy-minded individuals. We came together to collect dark patterns to better understand how technology is exploiting people. Our ultimate vision is to leverage this data to combat manipulative practices online through policy reform.

Ressourcen: Sammlung von Dark Patterns

Dark Pattern Detection Project (Universität Heidelberg)

dapde.de

Das Dark Pattern Detection Project (Dapde) untersucht die Steuerung von Verbaucher:innen in digitalen Umgebungen durch «Dark Patterns».

Ressourcen: Sammlung von Dark Patterns

Evil by Design (Website zum Buch von Chris Nodder)

evilbydesign.info

Evil design implementations grouped under the seven deadly sins, with tips on how to use each pattern, and examples from real life and the Web. Examples of evil designs from around the Web. Explanation of how each one works and why we fall for it.

Ressourcen: Sammlung von Dark Patterns

Ethical Design Network

ethicaldesignnetwork.com

We are a network for people interested in ethical design. We are here to share, inspire, and empower.

Ressourcen: Sammlung von Ressourcen (Software, Podcasts etc.), Events

Neurodiversity Design System

neurodiversity.design

The NDS is a coherent set of standards and principles that combine neurodiversity and user experience design for Learning Management Systems. Design accessible learning interfaces supporting success and achievement for everyone.

Ressourcen: Principles, Personas

Playbook for Universal Design

universaldesignguide.com

Supporting the development of inclusive innovations

Ressourcen: Methods, Tips, Workshops

Design Patterns for Mental Health

designpatternsformentalhealth.org

The Mental Health Patterns Library was created by designers, developers and mental health practitioners and researchers who saw a need to collect and share best practices for mental health digital services.

Ressourcen: Principles, Patterns, Examples

The Design Value Framework (Design Council, UK)

designcouncil.org.uk/our-resources/the-design-value-framework

Framework for designers and commissioners to identify and assess the wider social, environmental and democratic impacts of their work

Ressourcen: framework (value map, value assessment tables)

Ethical Web Principles (W3C)

https://www.w3.org/TR/ethical-web-principles/

The web should be a platform that helps people and provides a positive social benefit. As we continue to evolve the web platform, we must therefore consider the consequences of our work. The following document sets out ethical principles that will drive the W3C's continuing work in this direction.

Ressourcen: Principles